Hauv kev lag luam roj hmab, vulcanization yog hais txog kev sib txuas ntawm cov roj hmab. Roj hmab molecules yog tsim los ntawm ntau cov saw hlau ntev polymers, thiab cov tshuaj sib txuas ntawm cov saw hlau ntev ntev yog qhov tsis muaj zog. Cov txheej txheem vulcanization yog ntxiv cov tshuaj vulcanizing (xws li sulfur, sulfur-muaj cov tshuaj, thiab lwm yam) nyob rau hauv tej yam kub, siab thiab lub sij hawm tej yam kev mob los tsim cross-linked bonds ntawm roj hmab molecular chains, yog li hloov cov linear roj hmab molecular qauv rau hauv peb. -Dimensional network. Cov qauv tsim. Piv txwv li, cov roj hmab ntuj muaj qhov zoo elasticity thiab plasticity thaum nws tsis yog vulcanized, tab sis nws lub zog thiab hnav tsis zoo. Tom qab vulcanization, cov khoom siv lub cev ntawm cov roj hmab tau txhim kho zoo, suav nrog lub zog tensile, hardness, hnav tsis kam, thiab kev laus ua haujlwm.
Sulfurization txheej txheem
Noj sulfur ua tus neeg sawv cev vulcanizing ua piv txwv, leej faj yuav hnov mob nrog ob daim ntawv cog lus hauv cov roj hmab molecular saw ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Ua ntej, cov sulfur molecules tawg mus rau hauv active sulfur atoms, uas ua ke nrog ob daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv cov roj hmab molecular chains los tsim sulfur txuas hniav (cross-links). Qee cov khoom nruab nrab yuav raug tsim thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, xws li thiol pawg thiab polysulfide bonds ntawm cov roj hmab molecular saw. Raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim, ntau thiab ntau qhov sib txuas sib txuas sib txuas tau tsim thiab cov qauv sib txuas ntawm cov roj hmab tau maj mam txhim kho. Feem ntau hais lus, cov txheej txheem vulcanization yuav tsum muaj kev tswj hwm ntawm qhov tsis xws li kub, siab thiab sijhawm. Qhov kub thiab txias feem ntau yog nyob ib puag ncig 140 - 180 degree C, qhov siab nyob ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab thiab cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua, thiab lub sijhawm ntawm ob peb feeb mus rau kaum ob feeb.
Lub luag haujlwm thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm vulcanization
Cov khoom siv roj hmab vulcanized muaj peev xwm rov qab tau zoo dua qub thiab tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau lawv cov duab qub tom qab deformed los ntawm kev quab yuam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws lub zog thiab hnav tsis kam yog qhov zoo heev, tso cai rau cov khoom siv roj hmab kom tiv taus kev sib txhuam ntau dua thiab siab. Piv txwv li, tsheb log tsheb yog cov khoom siv roj hmab vulcanized. Thaum lub sij hawm kev tsav tsheb ntawm lub tsheb, cov log tsheb yuav tsum tau dais qhov hnyav ntawm lub tsheb lub cev, kev sib txhuam ntawm txoj kev nto thiab ntau yam kev nyuaj siab. Cov log tsheb vulcanized tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab ua kom lub tsheb tsav muaj kev nyab xeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, vulcanization tuaj yeem txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion thiab kev laus ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab thiab txuas ntxiv lawv lub neej kev pab cuam.
